All World
Gayatri Pariwar

Q.1. Are there any restrictions on Gayatri worship?

Ans. There is a prevalent belief that the right to worship Gayatri is exclusively restricted to the Brahmans or the so called “Dwij” (which is traditionally considered synonymous with “Brahmans”, a caste in India).

This is a gross misconception. If there is a dispute on the basis of caste only Kshatriyas will be entitled to Gayatri Sadhana as revealed to Vishwamitra, who was its rishi. His descendants will be well within their right to lay claim to  their ancestral right . But such an argument would be nothing but childish.

If persons living in India alone claim the right in respect of Gayatri what will happen to those Indians who have accepted citizenship of other countries? If Gayatri Sadhana  is regarded only for Hindus, a ban will have to be imposed on those scientists who are conducting research in this field in foreign countries. In fact, in this age of intellectual freedom it is ridiculous to talk of such absurdities. Gayatri is the manifestation of the Creative Power of God; and like the sun,  water, air earth etc. everyone is entitled to derive benefit from it. The concept of proprietary rights is applicable to only material objects. Creations of nature are accessible to all in equal measure. Endless benefits (Gayatri kalpavrikcha) can be enjoyed by invocation of Gayatri by all human beings irrespective of their social status. Every religion has its Supreme Mantra like Kalma of Muslims, ‘Baptisma’ of Christians, Namonkar of Jains, Om Mani Padme Ham of Tibetan Buddhists. So also in Indian religions tradition there is only one Supreme Mantra, Gayatri Mantra.

It is foolish to say that Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Kayasthas etc. have different Gayatris. This bane of discrimination on account of high or low caste should not be allowed to enter into and pollute the spiritual environment in which there is one God, one religion and one source of knowledge.  

Gayatri is also the key to the invisible Cosmic Consciousness. An ancient Indian practice required compulsory admission of children to schools (Gurukuls) for learning spiritual concepts and practices. Here, the student was initiated by the spiritual preceptor (Guru) through this very Gayatri-Mantra, irrespective of his social background. As a matter of fact, the Shikha (tuft of hair on the crown of head) symbolises Ancient Indian (Bhartiya) culture. All Hindus traditionally keep Shikha as constant reminder to them to nurture high and noble thoughts. As such, Shikha itself represents Gayatri, which entitles all to the worship of Gayatri.

Q.2. Is it true that Gayatri Sadhana is permissible to a particular caste only ?

Ans. The concept of caste is grossly misunderstood in the modern society. Ancient Indian Culture did not relate the caste system to one’s parentage or ancestry. In those days, defaulters of basic codes of social conduct were deprived of normal civil rights. They were compelled by the society to undertake specific duties along with deprivation of the right to worship Gayatri. The caste of a person thus denoted the field of his activity rather than his parentage. Denial of worship was, therefore, a punishment to the guilty. In the present context, the codes for “social punishment” have changed. Work-assignments have also undergone a sea-change. Under these circumstances, all human beings, owing their existence to the one Supreme Being, are entitled to worship Gayatri irrespective of their ancestry, parentage or belief.

Q.3. Do Brahmans have a special privilege to do Gayatri Sadhana?

Ans. The professed proprietary right of Brahmans (by birth) on Gayatri worship is ridiculous. Credit for embodiment and elaboration of mysticism of Mahamantra Gayatri goes to rishi Vishwamitra, who belonged to Kshatriya caste by birth. Thus, even if the caste is considered essential for Gayatri worship, the Kshatriyas should have priority over other castes.

The concept of Brahmanism has an entirely different connotation. A Brahman is one who conforms to the wisdom of Brahma (Brahmaparayan) and has an exemplary character. Only such persons of refined character can derive maximum advantage from Gayatri worship. It has been said that Gayatri is Kamdhenu of Brahmans. In several Sanskrit couplets, Dwijs alone have been described as entitled to worship Gayatri. 

Traditionally, the words Dwij and Brahman have been considered as synonymous. In this way each Dwij or Brahman was supposed to have the exclusive privilege of worship of Gayatri. Does it mean that individuals belonging to other castes were scripturally prohibited from worshipping Gayatri?

The confusion has arisen because of misunderstanding of the meanings of words like Brahman, Dwij and caste, which are being misconstrued as hereditary distinctions conferred by God on various classes of society. Nothing can be more absurd than considering the Creator as  discriminative and partial, making people take birth in a family of high or low caste. 

When scriptures declare that Gayatri is kamdhenu of Brahmans i.e. Gayatri fulfils all desires of a Brahman, they mean that any human being who diligently aspires to be a Brahman by following righteousness in thoughts, words and  deeds gets an access to the benefits of Gayatri. That is to say, Brahmanism is a pre-requisite for Gayatri worship.

As regards the world Dwij it literally means ‘born again’. The initiation to Gayatri is the spiritual birth of a person, who has otherwise taken birth as any other animal. This initiation or Diksha is like ‘Baptism’ amongst the Christians and is akin  to admission in the primary class of the school of spirituality. The concept of caste has been grossly distorted, misunderstood and misappropriated by vested interests. In Vedic times, division of civic responsibilities into four classes of people who were given education and training pertaining to their respective assignments was considered expedient. Each of this class was referred to as a varna. In course of time, when successive generations began to follow the same profession varnas got ossified into ‘castes’. With the  change in social environment, certain castes assumed greater prominence in the society and in order to retain their supremacy propagated the concept of caste by birth as a God-given status.      

Q.4. Are women entitled to take up Gayatri Sadhana?

Ans. For countering the oft-repeated arguments against women’s right to Gayatri worship, let us try to understand the basic principles of ancient Indian culture. It propounds a global religion, for the entire humanity. Nowhere does it support the illogical inequalities based on differentiation of caste, sex etc. The code of conduct in Hindu religion assigns equality of status to all human beings in all respects with unity and compassion as its basic tenets. Thus, the abridgement of natural human civil and religious rights of women is, therefore, not in conformity with authentic Indian spiritual tradition. On the contrary, Hindu culture regards the female of human species as superior to its male counterpart. How could then the wise sages of India deprive the women of practice of Gayatri Sadhana? The spirit of Indian ethos is totally against any such discrimination. Gayatri is accessible to every individual of human species. Any thought or belief contrary to this concept is sheer nonsense and should not be given any importance. 

Q.5. What are the basic reasons for the anti-women stance of some sects  in India?  

Ans. During the medieval period there occurred overall degeneration and corruption in Indian society. Resources and power were usurped by a handful of corrupt rulers who ruthlessly exploited the poor and the downtrodden to fulfil their coffers and maintain a high style of living. It was the period of high tide  of corrupt practices. Bonded labour, keeping concubines, abduction, feudal wars, mass-murders and so many other vices took deep roots in the society. The scholars dependent on the feudal lords were force, or to write and insert spurious verses in the ancient scriptures to please their masters.

Women, too, could not escape this oppression. To exploit their youth, physical and intellectual capabilities, the social codes of conducts were modified and she was systematically brainwashed and subdued. The rulers, along with the so-called scholars, gave a religious justification for the traditions established by them. The women and the “untouchables” in India thus continuously suffered from dual oppression, from within the country and from the foreign invaders. Woman was made to accept the ‘virtues’ of ‘purdah’ (veil) and submissively follow the just and unjust demands of her ‘God-husband’. She was even compelled to commit suicide by forced immolation on the funeral pyre of her dead husband (the ancient tradition of sati). Depriving a woman from worship of  Gayatri was also part of this conspiracy.

Ancient Indian history and scriptural disciplines provide ample evidence to show that the religion in India did not permit any discrimination whatsoever between the rights of men and women. On the contrary, woman was always considered superior to man and worthy of reverence. In ancient times, the Rishikas (nuns) participated  as equal with men in all religious rituals. When Gayatri herself has been symbolised as a female deity, what is the logic in denial of right of Gayatri worship to a woman?

Q.6. Is Gayatri worship permissible for the non-vegetarians and those who take liquors?

Ans. It is said that Gayatri is a sacred Mantra and those who worship it should live a life of inner and outer purity. They should not take liquor, meat etc. It is good not to indulge in intoxicants. It is better to remain pure as far as possible. This, however, does not mean that no medicines should be given to a person living in unhealthy conditions. It is the speciality of Gayatri Mantra that by its worship, defects and vices of a person start falling off from the Sadhak’s nature. By taking a dip in the Ganga every living being becomes pure. None, not even a cow, buffalo, donkey, horse is prevented from entering into this sacred river. In the same way any person of any social status can perform Sadhana of Gayatri Mantra without any restrictions, whatsoever. His vices, defects will automatically go on reducing in the course of time. Just as the argument that a patient should not be given medicine is wrong, so also the statement that Gayatri Mantra should not be adopted if food and daily routine of a person are defective is fallacious.

Q.7. Is Yagyopaveet essential for Gayatri worship? What is its significance ?  

Ans.  It cannot be made mandatory that those alone who put an Yagyopveet can perform Gayatri Jap. However, since Yagyopaveet  is an image of Gayatri it is better if its worshipper puts it on. 

Yagyopaveet is a form of Gayatri. It is preferable to perform worship sitting in a temple in front of a deity. It, however, does not mean that if there is no temple or deity, worship should not be performed. Gayatri Sadhana can be performed even, without putting on the Yagyopaveet.

Yagyopaveet is, in fact, a symbol of Gayatri mahamantra. The nine threads in it represent the nine words of Gayatri Mantra. Three strands indicate threefold achievements. Similarly the three knots (Vyahritis) and the large knot (Om) are also part of the Mantra. In a nutshell, Yagyopaveet is the sacred symbol of Gayatri, wearer of which (across the left shoulder near the heart) constantly remembers the pledge he has taken to follow the doctrine of Gayatri Sadhana. Just as one derives greater benefit by worshipping before a deity in a temple, but can also pray anywhere, Yagyopaveet is recommended but is not mandatory.